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. 2019 Aug 2;9:714.
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00714. eCollection 2019.

Gene Expression Profiling Analysis Reveals Putative Phytochemotherapeutic Target for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Solomon Oladapo Rotimi  1 , Oluwakemi Anuoluwapo Rotimi  1 , Abdulkadir Ayo Salako  2 , Paul Jibrin  3 , Jelili Oyelade  4 , Emeka E J Iweala  1
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Free PMC article

Gene Expression Profiling Analysis Reveals Putative Phytochemotherapeutic Target for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Solomon Oladapo Rotimi et al. Front Oncol. .
Free PMC article

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among men globally, with castration development resistant contributing significantly to treatment failure and death. By analyzing the differentially expressed genes between castration-induced regression nadir and castration-resistant regrowth of the prostate, we identified soluble guanylate cyclase 1 subunit alpha as biologically significant to driving castration-resistant prostate cancer. A virtual screening of the modeled protein against 242 experimentally-validated anti-prostate cancer phytochemicals revealed potential drug inhibitors. Although, the identified four non-synonymous somatic point mutations of the human soluble guanylate cyclase 1 gene could alter its form and ligand binding ability, our analysis identified compounds that could effectively inhibit the mutants together with wild-type. Of the identified phytochemicals, (8'R)-neochrome and (8'S)-neochrome derived from the Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) showed the highest binding energies against the wild and mutant proteins. Our results identified the neochromes and other phytochemicals as leads in pharmacotherapy and as nutraceuticals in management and prevention of castration-resistance prostate cancers.

Keywords: castration-resistant; gene expression data; phytochemicals; prostate cancer; soluble guanylate cyclase.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Volcano plot of –log10 (p values) vs. log2 fold change. The –log10 (p values) represents the level of significance of each gene while log2 fold change represents the difference between the levels of expression for each gene between the castration-induced regression nadir and castration-resistant regrowth groups.
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