Sanni, Samuel Eshorame and Mshelia, Haruna and Okoro, Emeka Emmanuel and Alaba, Peter Adeniyi and Oni, Babalola Aisosa and Ayoola, Ayodeji (2022) Estimation of critical fluxes, thermal stabilities and failure criteria of cellulose‐based membranes and modelling of salt diffusivity during pervaporative desalination. In: Nanotechnology for Environmental EngineeringAims and scopeSubmit manuscript. Nanotechnology for Environmental Engineering, pp. 857-881.
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Abstract
The consequences of highly saline freshwater on the ecosystem and humans are quite alarming and have gained little attention in recent times. Progressive advances in pervaporation have helped to unlock its potentials in the desalination of salty streams. In this study, desalination of lagoon‐water using cellulose acetate membrane (CAM) and its copper‐doped nanocomposite (CA‐CuNP) membrane was investigated. A newly developed model was used in estimating salt diffusion coefficients in steady and unsteady state situations. At the experimental phase, permeate fluxes increased with temperature but dropped when the critical fluxes (5.11–6.01 L/m2h and 5.29–7.56 L/m2h) were exceeded for the CAM and CA‐CuNP membranes respectively. At steady state, the critical permeate volumes for the pristine and nanocomposite membranes were 0.2273 and 0.1826 L with corresponding fluxes of 0.034 and 0.031 L/m2h after 10 and 9 h, respectively. The estimated steady and unsteady diffusivities for the membranes are: 1.46 * 10–4–8.43 * 10–3 m2/h (4.06 * 10–7–2.34 * 10–6 m2/s) and 2.44 * 10–4–0.17 * 10– 4 (6.78 * 10–8–4.72 * 10–9 m2/s), respectively. The nanocomposite membrane gave slightly higher salt rejection with fluxes mimicking the power law model. Thermal resistance of the pristine membrane improved from 219.36 to 221.18 °C after doping it with copper nanoparticles. Furthermore, the estimated critical permeate fluxes are indicative of saturation conditions for the CAM and CA‐CuMP membranes and hence are signals for membrane plugging which then implies that proactive measures can then be taken to abate such situations.
| Item Type: | Book Section |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Engineering Sciences |
| Depositing User: | nwokealisi |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Nov 2023 16:09 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Nov 2023 16:09 |
| URI: | http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/id/eprint/17661 |
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