Ademosun, Olabisi Theresa and Covenant University, Theses (2024) BIOCHEMICAL AND IN-SILICO STUDIES OF LYCOPENE EXTRACT AND Solanum lycopersicum-Daucus carota FOOD-MIX FOR CERVICAL CANCER PREVENTION. ["eprint_fieldopt_thesis_type_phd" not defined] thesis, Covenant University.
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Abstract
Cervical cancer poses a significant global health burden, necessitating the development of effective chemopreventive strategies. This study investigates the nutritional, antioxidant, in-vitro cytotoxic assessment of a functionalised tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) -carrot (Daucus carota) food mix and the effect of extracted lycopene from tomato for apoptotic assessment on cervical cancer cell lines. Proximate analysis was conducted to determine the nutritional composition, while pH, titratable acidity, and bulk density measurements evaluated the physicochemical properties of the food samples. Trace metals analysis was used to assess the presence of potentially harmful metals, and yield quantification was used to determine the extraction efficiency using ethanol and aqueous solvents. Additionally, cytotoxic effects on cervical cancer cells and molecular docking analysis were performed to understand the biological activities and binding interactions of lycopene. The proximate analysis revealed the food samples' moisture content (0.44 to 0.54%), ash content (71.82 to 73.52 %), crude protein content (8.41 to 18.10 %), crude fiber content (3.787 to 6.547 %), crude fat content (0.10 to 8.72 %), carbohydrate content (0.628 to 6.193 %), and total energy content (87.012 to 136.892 kcal). The pH values ranged from 6.6 to 7.2, indicating slight acidity variation. Titratable acidity values ranged from 1.44 to 23.00 (lactic acid %), demonstrating a decrease in acidity. Bulk density analysis revealed values ranging from 0.44 g/cm3 to 0.59 g/cm3. Trace metals analysis showed a high iron (Fe) concentration, with no significant presence of lead (Pb) or cadmium (Cd). Yield quantification of the concentrate demonstrated higher extraction efficiency using 70% ethanol solvent compared to the aqueous solvent. Cytotoxicity testing on cervical cancer cells revealed that the ethanol extract of tomatoes exhibited the highest cytotoxic inhibition (40.28 %), followed by the aqueous extract (35.21%), while carrots displayed minimal cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, lycopene extract exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity, with the highest concentration (1000 μg/mL) showing remarkable inhibition (74.2%). Molecular docking analysis suggested favourable interactions between lycopene and the pro-apoptotic protein (BAX 1), indicating its potential to induce apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. However, the chemotherapeutic drug Camptothecin demonstrated stronger interactions. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stability of lycopene-protein complexes throughout the 100-ns simulation, supporting their potential as anticancer agents. Overall, the study highlights the cytotoxic effects of tomato-carrot food extracts and lycopene on cervical cancer cells. The ethanol extract of tomatoes and the lycopene extract exhibited notable cytotoxicity, while the aqueous extract and carrots showed minimal inhibition. Molecular docking analysis revealed the potential of lycopene to promote apoptosis through interactions with the pro-apoptotic protein BAX 1. The stability analysis of lycopene-protein complexes further supported its anticancer properties. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular processes behind lycopene's anticancer activities and provide insights for future research on innovative chemo preventive treatments for cervical cancer. More so, the nutritional and physicochemical properties of the tomato-carrot food mix, along with its hydroethanolic extract as an efficient extraction medium for bioactive compounds, hold promise for its application in the food industry.
| Item Type: | Thesis (["eprint_fieldopt_thesis_type_phd" not defined]) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Antioxidants, Cervical Cancer, Nutraceuticals, Lycopene, Tomato-carrot blend, Prophylactics |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QH Natural history Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Electronics and Computer Science |
| Depositing User: | Patricia Nwokealisi |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Aug 2024 13:00 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Aug 2024 13:00 |
| URI: | http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/id/eprint/18345 |
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