ADEDOYIN, ENIOLA DEBORAH and Covenant University, Theses Masters (2024) EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF SELECTED INSECTICIDES ON Anopheles gambiae IN SANGO OTA, OGUN STATE. Masters thesis, Covenant University.
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Abstract
Carbamates, pyrethroids, organophosphates, and organochlorines are insecticide classes used for mosquito vector control, with organophosphates accounting for 3.1% and pyrethroids 89.9% of use in Africa. Resistance to one or more classes of insecticides has been detected in 78 of the 88 malariaendemic countries, posing a significant threat to control efforts. This research investigates the resistance status of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to malathion, fenitrothion, alphacypermethrin, and deltamethrin in Sango Ota. Larvae and pupae were gathered from Atan and Nestle location (6° 40’ N, 3° 09′ E, 6° 41’ N, 3° 09′ E) in Sango Ota using the standard dipping method, and raised to adulthood in the insectary. The sensitivity of female mosquitoes that were 2–5 days old and not given blood was assessed to 5% malathion, 1% fenitrothion, 0.05% deltamethrin, and 0.05% alphacypermethrin. WHO tube bioassay techniques determined the resistance status to the four insecticides, with a death rate of 100% in malathion and fenitrothion and 11.8% and 12.5% recorded in alphacypermethrin and deltamethrin exposure, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect An. gambiae species and also to detect L1014F (kdr W) mutation in mosquitoes exposed to deltamethrin and alphacypermethrin. The frequency of resistance was 1.0 for alphacypermethrin, meaning 100% of the mosquito population studied was resistant to this insecticide, while approximately 23.5% showed resistance to deltamethrin. This study indicated the high efficacy of malathion and fenitrothion for mosquito control in Sango Ota and the substantial resistance to alphacypermethrin and deltamethrin. Continued mosquito surveillance and resistance profiling are essential for effective malaria control and to inform future vector management strategies.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Anopheles mosquito, insecticides, resistance, mutation |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Chemistry |
| Depositing User: | Patricia Nwokealisi |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Sep 2024 14:53 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Sep 2024 14:53 |
| URI: | http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/id/eprint/18428 |
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