AZEEZ, BLESSING OPEYEMI and Covenant University, Theses Masters (2024) INVESTIGATION OF PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE-ENHANCED DELTAMETHRIN TREATMENT ON Anopheles gambiae IN OTA, OGUN STATE. Masters thesis, Covenant University.
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Abstract
Malaria remains a significant global health burden, with an estimated 247 million cases and 619,000 deaths in 2021. Sub-Saharan Africa is the most affected region. The primary vectors are female Anopheles mosquitoes, and their control is increasingly challenged by resistance to insecticides such as organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, and pyrethroids. This study focuses on the role of piperonyl butoxide (PBO) in enhancing the efficacy of deltamethrin (a pyrethroid) in Ota, Ogun State. PBO is known to inhibit cytochrome P450 enzymes, which detoxify pyrethroids in resistant mosquitoes. Two to five-day-old female mosquitoes that had not been fed blood were exposed to 0.05% deltamethrin alone and deltamethrin with 4% PBO according to WHO standards. The Knockdown resistance (kdr) genes were also genotyped to identify resistance mutations. The result showed that Anopheles gambiae exhibited significant resistance to deltamethrin alone (7.5% mortality). However, the addition of PBO increased deltamethrin efficacy, resulting in an 80.7% mortality rate. The increased susceptibility of the sample population to pyrethroids when used alongside PBO suggests the likely involvement of metabolic resistance. Kdr genotyping revealed the presence of the L1014F mutation, indicating kdr-West resistance. These findings suggest that incorporating PBO into vector control strategies could improve pyrethroid effectiveness and contribute to better malaria control.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | malaria, mosquito, synergist, pyrethroids, metabolic resistance |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Chemistry Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences > School of Biological Sciences |
| Depositing User: | nwokealisi |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Sep 2024 11:20 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Sep 2024 11:20 |
| URI: | http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/id/eprint/18433 |
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