Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Plant-Mediated Green Method: Optical and Biological Properties

Adekoya, J. A. (2016) Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Plant-Mediated Green Method: Optical and Biological Properties. Journal of Bionanoscience, 10 (3). pp. 171-180. ISSN 1557-7929

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Abstract

In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were successfully synthesized by plant-mediated green route. The leaf extracts of locally sourced Canna indica and Senna occidentalis acted as the reducing agents/capping agents instead of toxic chemicals leading to unprecedented bioreduction which promoted nucleation and particle growth within 2 minutes of reaction. Optical measurements were characterized by high intensities of absorption revealed by narrow absorption peaks indicating confinement of excitons, with surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) bands of silver nanoparticles at 340–380 nm (S. occidentalis-stabilized Ag NPs) and 400–430 nm (C. indica-stabilized Ag NPs). Morphological characterization with scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersed spectrometer (SEM-EDS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) revealed quasi-spherical, cubic and truncated edge Ag NPs with mean sizes of 9_10±1_12 nm and 9_4±1_95 nm. Formation of crystalline Ag NPs was also supported by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) showing peak broadening. FTIR analysis revealed some characteristic vibrational bands of O–H, C O, C N functional groups at 3306, 1647 and 1246 cm−1 respectively in the organically capped silver nanoparticles. The mechanism of reaction in both syntheses was considered to be diffusion controlled Ostwald ripening process. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized nanoparticles was tested against clinically isolated Gram positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and clinically isolated fungus-Candida albicans. Significant growth inhibitions were found using analysis of variance (ANOVA), SPSS statistical tool at P <0_05. The highest activity of C. indica-synthesized Ag NPs was against C. albicans, while S. occidentalis derived Ag nanoparticles were most active against S. aureus and S. pyogenes. Hence, the findings of this research suggest potential applications of the bionanoparticles as optical materials, electronically conductive adhesives (ECA), and as a candidate for therapeutic drugs because of their biogenic nature.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions:	Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Chemistry
Depositing User:	Dr Joseph Adeyemi Adekoya
Date Deposited:	14 Sep 2016 10:15
Last Modified:	14 Sep 2016 10:15
URI:	http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/id/eprint/7140

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