ERUEMULOR, DAVELYNE IFECHUWUDE and Covenant University, Theses (2021) RBCL GENETIC RELATEDNESS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF AFRICAN YAM BEAN ( Sphenostylis stenocarpa) SEEDS. Masters thesis, COVENANT UNIVERSITY.
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Abstract
African yam bean (AYB) (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) is an underexploited leguminous crop belonging to the Fabaceae family. AYB has the potential to significantly boost food security due to its considerable nutritional and medicinal qualities. To efficiently utilize AYB genetic resources for its improvement, it is necessary to understand the crop’s sequence information and other ways it can be utilized not just for food but also for therapeutic purposes. A total of 24 accessions of AYB seeds were collected from the Genetic Resources Centre of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) via the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA) of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources. Genomic DNA was extracted from two-weeks old leaf samples of the accessions and subjected to PCR amplification and sequencing using chloroplast Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit (rbcL). The generated sequences were cleaned, assembled, and aligned in BioEdit and Geneious Prime. The sequences were also submitted to the Genbank and accession numbers were assigned to the submitted nucleotide sequences (GenBank OK254173- OK254196). The genetic relatedness among the accessions was determined using nucleotide and amino-acid composition, pairwise distances between the accessions, and hierarchical clustering method of unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). The antimicrobial assay was determined using average zones of inhibition with standard error values. The aligned sequence of 534 bp revealed high genetic similarities in their nucleotide and amino acid compositions. The pairwise genetic distance between the 24 accessions ranged from 0.00 (TSs 4) to 0.026 (TSs 303) indicating proximity except for TSs 303. The cluster analysis segregated the 24 accessions into three major clusters of high genetic similarities (65 % to 95 %). Two accessions (TSs 333 and TSs 357) are the most closely related in their nucleotide sequences while only one accession (TSs 303) stands alone as a cluster. There were substitutions in nucleotide bases of some accessions. At nucleotide position 132, three accessions (TSs 311, TSs 303, and TSs 331) had T (thiamine) instead of G (guanine) common to all other accessions. However, only accession TSs 303 showed consistency in the base substitutions at different nucleotide positions. For instance, at 34, 66, 123, 132, 183, 210, 216, 309, 372, 373, 510 and 528 postions, TSs 303 had different bases from other accessions. These substitutions might have accounted for the separation of TSs 303 into a unique cluster. The average zones of inhibition among the tested microorganisms; Aspergillus niger (19.06 ± 4.50), Bacillus subtilis (19.26 ± 5.84), Candida sp (21.17 ± 1.25), Escherichia coli (22.67 ± 4.52) amongst others showed considerable antimicrobial properties. The results of the antimicrobial assay indicate that AYB seeds can be used as antifungal and antibacterial agents in the food and health sectors.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | African yam bean, antimicrobial activity, RbCl, genetic relatedness, substitution |
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences > School of Biological Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Mrs Hannah Akinwumi |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Oct 2021 12:21 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Oct 2021 12:21 |
| URI: | http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/id/eprint/15385 |
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