The Effect of Column Height, Packing Materials and Azeotrope Separation on the Purity of Ethanol Sourced from Ogogoro (Local Gin)

Efeovbokhan, Vincent Enon and Udonne, Joseph Denis and Babatunde, Damilola Elizabeth and Sanni, Samuel Eshorame (2017) The Effect of Column Height, Packing Materials and Azeotrope Separation on the Purity of Ethanol Sourced from Ogogoro (Local Gin). Research Jourml of Applied Sciences, 12 (2). pp. 97-103. ISSN 1815-932X

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Abstract

Locally brewed Ogogoro, a mixture of ethanol and water in the ratio of 28:72 by volwne was separated into its constituents by means of fractional distillation. The mixture of 95.5% ethanol and 4.5% water (percentage by vohnne) formed an azeotrope with a boiling point of 78.2oC and thus could not be fwther purified by distillation. The ethanol/water mixture after distilling to the azeotrope was shaken with calciwn oxide to form the non-volatile compmmd, calciwn hydroxide which altered the stability of the azeotrope and hence fwther separation of the constituents of the mixture. Nearly all of the calciwn hydroxide was removed by filtration and the filtrate was redistilled to obtain higher puzrity ethanol relative to the azeotrope. The percentage purities of the ethanol were 96.5, 97% with the highest purity being 97.5%. The mass of calciwn oxide used was varied at a constant time of 1 hand the effect on the percentage of ethanol achieved were recorded as 95.5, 97.7, 97, 96.5 and 96.5% from the initial percentages 95, 95, 95.5, 95.5 and 95.5% ethanol, respectively. By comparing masses, 10 g of calciwn oxide gave the highest percentage purity of ethanol after distillation which was 97 .5%. Also, in order to determine the effect of time on product purity, the duration for chying the ethanol/water mixture with constant mass of 10 g calciwn oxide was varied from 1-5 h. It was observed that increase in chying time for the ethanoVwater mixture after 1 h did not lead to increase in the purity of ethanol distilled. The effects of increase in height of colwnn as well as nwnber of random packing was investigated and fmmd to increase the efficiency of the distillation process. Using the double fractionating colwnn of height 77 em with 145 random glass packing improved the purity of the ethanol from 40-2% as compared with 86% which was the percentage purity obtained when a single fractionating colwnn of height 46 em with 92 random glass packing was used.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	EthanoL local gin, purity, fractional distillation, azeotrope
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Divisions:	Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Engineering Sciences
Depositing User:	Mrs Patricia Nwokealisi
Date Deposited:	29 Jun 2018 12:27
Last Modified:	29 Jun 2018 12:27
URI:	http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/id/eprint/11092

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