ACADEME, SUNDAY OYAOGBODE and Covenant University, Theses (2021) HYDROGEOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF FLUORIDE IN DOMESTIC WELLS: AN EVALUATION OF WATER QUALITY AND PROBABILISTIC HUMAN HEALTH PROBLEM. Masters thesis, covenant university.
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Abstract
This present study investigated the hydrogeochemical interaction of fluoride and its species in domestic wells, further stating the human health risk associated with its intake by residential dwellers of Ogun state (Abeokuta), Nigeria. Forty-five well water samples were collected from nine different locations and analyzed. The analysis includes: statistical analysis, geospatial analysis, Pearson correlation matrix, principal factor analysis, water quality assessment, and hydrogeochemical interaction (cation exchange), and probabilistic risk assessment. The result obtained showed the mean concentration of fluoride (F-) to be 1.535 mg/L, which is above the international and national guidelines for drinking water. Other water quality parameters such as TDS, TH, EC, NO3-, SO2, Cl- also had majority of its samples above permissible limits. No strong positive correlation was observed between fluoride and other chemical parameters but a moderate positive with TDS, ALK, HC03-, CO32-, SiO2, and PO43- (r=0.391). Water quality assessment using the EBWQI proved majority of the sample to be good for drinking but 33% inconsumable. Furthermore, calcite and dolomite seemed to be the rock-water interactions in 91.1% of the groundwater which bivariate plots of (HCO3-/Na+ vs. Ca+2/ Na+), (Mg+2/Na+ vs. Ca+2/Na) and CAI-I & II, insinuated rock-water interaction source with reverse cation exchange as the dominating ion exchange in the sample locations. The hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) also assessed the health risk associated with F- and fluoride species (F–1, HF, AlF+2, AlF2+, AlF3, AlF4–, MgF+, CaF+, and NaF), taking ingestion and dermal as routes. The findings showed that, the NCHQ of fluoride which was above the permissible limits in the 99th percentile in the order of 6–12 months >1–2 years > 2–3 years > 3–6 years > 6–11 years >11–16 years > 16–21 years, 21–40 years > 40–60 years proving that the younger age group are more vulnerable to health risk as value ranged from 7.4441 to 1.3552 and through dermal the NCHQ<1 indicating no health risk attached through that pathway. Finally, HI which is a summation of fluoride and fluoride species pollutant, showed a significant non-carcinogenic health risk value of HI >1 in the 90th, 95th, and 99th percentile for all age groups, inculcating the need for defluoridation, proper management and cheap alternative source of water by the Abeokuta management authorities, policy makers and public at large, knowing fully well the baseline information gotten from this study
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Fluoride and fluoride species; Hydrogeochemical interaction; Human health risk; Water quality assessment; Hazard index. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Civil Engineering and the Environment |
| Depositing User: | Mrs Hannah Akinwumi |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Jan 2022 12:38 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Jan 2022 12:38 |
| URI: | http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/id/eprint/15551 |
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