Ebewele, R. O. and Iyayi, A. F. and Hymore, F. K. (2010) Considerations of the extraction process and potential technical applications of Nigerian rubber seed oil. International Journal of the Physical Sciences , 5 (6). pp. 826-831. ISSN 1992 - 1950
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Abstract
Rubber seeds from the rubber tree (hevea brasiliensis) are in abundance in Nigeria from which nonedible oil could be obtained. However, the seeds are wasted in the rubber plantations annually even though the extractable oil has potential technical applications. If the full potentials of the oil are to be realized, there is need to have a data base information on the oil extraction process and its properties. Rubber seeds were collected from different rubber clones and extracted first by n-hexane to determine the yield characteristics. Second, the seeds were extracted by a hydraulic press at varied operating conditions: pressure range (5-8MPa), temperatures, 40-90ºC; and moisture content, 7-16%. The effect of particle size and other operating variables on oil yield were studied. The physico-chemical properties of the extracted oil were evaluated. It was found that the percentage oil yield from the seeds of the rubber clone NIG800 at 45.03% was higher than the yield from other clones; GTI (40.21%) and RRIM 707 (38.42%) when the particle size of 1.16 mm was used. Oil yield increased with increase in temperature and pressure. Maximum oil yield was obtained during mechanical pressing at a moisture content of 10% (wt), temperature of 70ºC and pressure of 8MPa. The physicochemical characteristics of the oil showed high incidence of free fatty acid (FFA) of 37.96% (wt) and the high iodine value (IV) of 142.45 is indicative of the presence of high unsaturation. Rubber seed oil could therefore serve as semi-drying oil used in ingredients for surface coating and in the formulation of products where the presence of unsaturation is important.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Chemistry |
| Depositing User: | Prof Fred Hymore |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jun 2011 21:04 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Dec 2011 21:13 |
| URI: | http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/id/eprint/188 |
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