Nwinyi, Obinna and Chinedu, S. N. and Ajani, O. O.
(2009)
Antibacterial effects of extracts of Ocimum gratissimum
and piper guineense on Escherichia coli and
Staphylococcus aureus.
African Journal of Food Science, 3 (1).
ISSN 1996-0816
Abstract
The upsurge in the prevalence of side effects of many synthetic antimicrobial agents and incidence of
multidrug resistant bacteria has spurred scientists on the research for plant based antimicrobial of
therapeutic potentials. Ocimum gratissimum and Piper guineense present such potential of high
medicinal value. These plants are used in Nigeria traditionally as condiments and for treatment of
various ailments such as pyorrhea, dysentery and bronchitis. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of O.
gratissimum and P. guineense leaves were screened for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli
and Staphylococcus aureus. Both extracts were found to exhibit selective inhibition against the
isolates. The diameter zones of inhibition exhibited by the extracts were between 2 + 0.01 – 10 + 0.10
mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determined by the agar diffusion method was between
10.00 and 2.50 mg/ml-1. Ethanol extracts showed more inhibitory effect compared to the aqueous
extracts. Results obtained show that the extracts of O. gratissimum and P. guineense possess some
level of antibacterial activities against E. coli and S. aureus.
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