KWARPO, Zeendi Silas and Covenant University, Theses Masters (2024) PREVALENCE OF HISTIDINE-RICH PROTEIN II GENE DELETION IN PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM AMONG SUBJECTS IN ADO-OTA, OGUN STATE. Masters thesis, Covenant University.
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Abstract
The key to reducing malaria-related deaths in areas with high transmission rates is prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Malaria Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs or mRDT) that utilize histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) as a biomarker are essential for quickly and accurately diagnosing P. falciparum infections in endemic regions like Nigeria. However, PfHRP2 gene deletion and the variability of amino acids threaten the mRDT test sensitivity. This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of HRP2 gene deletion in Plasmodium falciparum among symptomatic subjects in Ota. Ethical clearance from the Covenant Health Ethics Review Committee (CHREC) was obtained. Three-hundred and ninety-six samples were collected from subjects visiting four healthcare facilities in Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria and tested for malaria using HRP2-based RDT. The presence of parasites in RDT false negative cases and microscopy positive cases were validated using nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Thereafter, exon 2 of PfHRP2 was amplified, and Sanger sequenced. The prevalence of malaria was recorded at 57.07%, with the age group below 5 years showing the highest prevalence of 49.15%. Out of 50 samples, forty-seven were positive by 18sRNA quantitative PCR. Single-copy gene MSP1 showed an overall multiplicity of infection of 1.5. The MAD20 allele had the highest frequency (72.72%), the K1 allele (54.45%) and the RO33 allele recorded the lowest frequency (27.27%) among the samples that amplified the MSP1. The prevalence of HRP2 gene deletion was recorded at 15.4% (2/13) among samples with amplified single-copy genes using Nested PCR. More studies using larger sample sizes for genotyping and more sensitive techniques like digital droplet PCR are recommended to determine the full extent of PfHRP2 gene deletion in Nigeria.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | HRP2 gene, HRP2 gene deletion, RDT, Malaria diagnosis |
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology Q Science > QR Microbiology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences > School of Biological Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Patricia Nwokealisi |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Sep 2024 12:27 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Sep 2024 12:27 |
| URI: | http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/id/eprint/18468 |
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