OGUNDIPE, ADEBANKE ELIZABETH and Covenant University, Theses (2021) In vitro COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOBESITY ACTIVITIES OF SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANTS. Masters thesis, COVENANT UNIVERSITY.
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycaemia, and obesity occurs due to excessive fats accumulation in the adipose tissue. Oxidative stress has been linked to the pathogenesis of these metabolic disorders. This study is aimed to investigate the phytochemical, antioxidant, antidiabetic and antiobesity activities of the aqueous ethanol extracts (AEEs) of the leaves of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ficus exasperata, Moringa oleifera, and Phyllantus amarus. In vitro phytochemicals screening, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, antioxidant activity, and carbohydrate and lipid inhibitory enzymes study were assessed using the established biochemical methods. The phenolic, tannin and protein contents of P. amarus were highest (p<0.05), whereas B. pinnatum was shown to have high alkaloid content compared with other plants. GC-MS spectra identified the presence of 57, 48, 45, 40 compounds in B. pinnatum, P. amarus, M. oleifera and F. exasperata extracts, respectively. A few of the similar compounds identified are alpha terpineol, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol and n-Hexadecanoic acid. The 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) value 0.00000475 mg/mL and 0.0242 mg/mL of F. exasperata in diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DDPH) and nitric oxide assay respectively showed that it has strong antioxidant power to scavenge free radicals. This study showed P. amarus to have the highest inhibitory(%) activity in 2,2-azino-bis(3-etilbenzotiazolin)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) scavenging assays. However, the order of the enzyme inhibitory activity of the plants is M. oleifera > B. pinnatum > F. exasperata > P. amarus for alpha-amylase activity. The inhibitory (%) activity for pancreatic lipase are in the order M. oleifera > P. amarus > F. exasperata > B. pinnatum. This study validates the use of M. oleifera as an effective plant-based antidiabetic and antiobesity agents for the treatment of diabetes and obesity in comparison with other selected medicinal plants.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Antioxidant, oxidative stress, antiobesity, antidiabetics, medicinal plants |
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences > School of Biological Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Mrs Hannah Akinwumi |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Mar 2022 13:56 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Mar 2022 13:56 |
| URI: | http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/id/eprint/15681 |
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